DCA(DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER APPLICATION)-3 MONTHS
Provides Latest and Useful Notes on different technologies
Provides Latest and Useful Notes on different technologies
Contents
1. What is a Computer?. 2
· Definition
of Computer. 2
· Characteristics
of Computer. 2
· Features
OF Computer. 4
2. Generations of
Computer. 5
· 1st
Generation (1940-56). 5
· 2nd
Generation (1956-63). 7
· 3rd
Generation (1964-71). 7
· 4th
Generation (1972-1980). 7
· 5th
Generation (1980-present). 7
3. Basic Block Diagram of
Computer. 7
· Input
unit. 7
· CPU.. 7
· Memory
Unit. 7
4. Classification of
Computers. 7
· Digital 7
· Analog. 7
· Hybrid. 7
· Microcomputer. 7
· Minicomputer. 7
· Mainframe. 7
5. Operating System.. 7
· Characteristics
of the operating system.. 7
6. Computer Networking. 7
· Classifications
of computer network. 7
· Classification
of Computer Network Based on Topology. 7
7. Internet. 7
· Advantages
of Internet. 7
In the modern world,
computers have become an integral part of our daily lives, revolutionizing the
way we work, communicate, and entertain ourselves. From desktops to laptops,
tablets to Smartphone’s, computers come in various forms, yet many people are
still unfamiliar with their inner workings and potential. In this article, we
will discuss everything about the Computer Definition, Characteristics,
Components, Functionality, and Classification.
A computer is an
electronic device wherein we need to input raw data to be processed with a set
of programs to produce a desirable output. Computers have the ability to store,
process, and manipulate data. The term “computer” is derived from the Latin
word “computare,” which means “to calculate.” A computer is made to run
programs and apps by using both hardware and software. It also has a memory to
store data, programs, and what they produce.
COMPUTER is not just a
mere word but an acronym that holds the key to understanding the purpose and
significance of these remarkable machines. Let’s dive into its expanded form:
C – Common: The term “Common” refers to the widespread availability
and utilization of computers. In today’s digital age, computers have become a
common tool used by individuals, organizations, and institutions around the
globe. They have transformed the way we communicate, work, and access
information.
O – Operating: The term “Operating” signifies the functionality of a
computer. An operating system serves as the intermediary between the user and
the computer’s hardware. It enables users to interact with the computer, run
applications, and perform various tasks. Operating systems like Windows, macOS,
and Linux are fundamental components of a computer’s functionality.
M – Machine: The term “Machine” emphasizes the mechanical nature of
a computer. At its core, a computer is a complex machine that processes data,
performs calculations, and executes instructions. It consists of various
hardware components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage,
input/output devices, and more. These components work together to carry out the
operations required to run software and perform tasks.
P – Purposely: The term “Purposely” highlights the intentional and
deliberate use of computers. Computers are designed with specific goals in
mind, addressing various needs and requirements. They are versatile tools
capable of supporting a wide range of purposes, including business operations,
scientific research, creative endeavors, and educational pursuits.
U – Used for: The term “Used for” signifies the practical
applications and utility of computers. They are employed for countless tasks,
including data analysis, graphic design, programming, simulations,
communication, entertainment, and much more. Computers have greatly enhanced
productivity and efficiency in nearly every sector, contributing to
advancements across industries.
T – Technological: The term “Technological” reflects the integral role of
computers in technology-driven advancements. Computers have become the backbone
of technological progress, enabling innovations in fields such as artificial
intelligence, robotics, virtual reality, and data analytics. They are
instrumental in solving complex problems, processing vast amounts of information,
and pushing the boundaries of what is possible.
E – Educational: The term “Educational” emphasizes the significance of
computers in the realm of learning and research. Educational institutions, from
schools to universities, rely heavily on computers to enhance teaching methods,
facilitate distance learning, and provide access to vast educational resources.
Computers enable students and researchers to gather information, conduct
experiments, collaborate, and analyze data efficiently.
R – Research: The term “Research” highlights the integral role of
computers in advancing knowledge and conducting scientific investigations.
Researchers across various disciplines utilize computers to perform
simulations, process data, model complex systems, and analyze results.
Computers have revolutionized the research process, enabling scientists to make
breakthroughs and accelerate progress.
Characteristics of Computer
Computers are now an integral part of our daily lives, from managing student records in schools to handling patient records in hospitals. They have significantly simplified our tasks. Now, we can quickly access stored data and solve complex problems in just seconds. Some of the characteristics of Computers are listed below-
In computers, we use the term “generation” to show the evolution of technology. Earlier, the generation term was used to distinguish the computers in terms of varying hardware but now it all together includes the hardware and software which makes up a computer system. After centuries of evolution that began in the 16th century, the contemporary computer has taken its current form. There are 5 Generations of computers and all of them have been discussed below along with their features.
GENERATION | Time-Period | Technology Used |
1st Generation | 1940s – 1950s | Vacuum Tube Based |
2nd Generation | 1950s – 1960s | Transistor Based |
3rd Generation | 1960s – 1970s | Integrated Circuit Based |
4th Generation | 1970s – Present | Microprocessor Based |
5th Generation | Present – Future | Artificial Intelligence Based |
1st
Generation (1940-56)
The 1st Generation
Computers were introduced using the technology of vacuum tubes which can
control the flow of electronics in a vacuum. These tubes are usually used in
switches, amplifiers, radios, televisions, etc. The First Generation of
Computer was very heavy and large and were not ideal for programming. They used
basic programming and didn’t have an operating system, which made it tough for
users to do programming on them. The 1st Generation Computers required a big
room dedicated to them and also consumed a lot of electricity.
Some examples of main first-generation computers
are-
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